Postgres Setup Pages (OSX)

These steps are no longer required if you are using Postgres 9.3 or later on OSX. All current installers use Postgres 9.6 or later.

Mac OS X Lion or later - Multiple Drive Setup and Install

The steps below are an outline of how to setup a Mac Mini (or Mac Pro) with OS X Lion Server or later (Mountain Lion, Mavericks) that has two or more drives.

The steps outlined are similar if you have a Mac Mini or Mac Pro running OS X 10.6.x or earlier. You will have an install DVD and can do most of the steps without connecting to the internet.

The general process to prepare such a machine for optimal performance is:

Save any data or databases that you have on the machine
Stripe the drives
Reinstall Lion Server
Install Postgres as normal
Restore a database to that server

The steps have a degree of technical complexity and assume you are able to interpret and adapt to variations in the process yourself.

Striping a Mac with two or more drives under Lion or later

Since Lion does not come with any install disks, you will need to follow a special procedure to stripe the drives on Lion servers as follows:

Make a backup of any data on the computer that you deem important if you have been using it for a while
Connect the Mac Mini/Mac Pro to the internet, a monitor and keyboard. The internet is important as it will be required to restore the operating system
Restart the Mac with the Apple and R keys held down simultaneously. This will boot from the internal Lion partition on the drive
When the machine responds with the OS X operating system installer screen, select the language of your choice and begin the install
The next screen will be the utilities window. Select Disk Utility and:
- After selecting a drive, click on the the 'RAID' tab.
- Select STRIPED RAID SET for the 'RAID Type' prompt. The default is a mirrored drive set, so be careful; otherwise, you will end up starting over.
- Drag both individual drives into the RAID Stripe and verify that the estimated size of the RAID set is the total of both drives. (it should look similar to the diagram below)
- Create the RAID Striped Set.
- After confirming you want to do this, Partition Utility will bring the RAID array back online.
- Quit 'Disk Utility'
On the main window, you should now select 'Reinstall Mac OS X Lion' (optionally, you could restore from a time machine backup). Follow any/all prompts and reinstall Lion. It may say that File Vault or some other features are disabled - it's the price of gaining a lot of performance from the dual drive server.
The download from the Apple web site may take a while, so let the installer do its thing.

Post Installation Steps

After installing and configuring, download any updates using 'Software Update'. You may need to repeat this step until there are no more updates available.
Configure the server with a static IP address
Disable Airport, Spotlight indexing, Time Machine and any power saving settings
Setup the firewall as required
Ensure the backup script is setup and thoroughly tested and that there is a step that can successfully FTP the database to another machine (or copy it using the Unix 'cp' command). If a hard drive in the striped RAID set dies, none of the data on any drive is recoverable so OFF-MACHINE backups are mandatory.

Step 2: Create user and import Database

This step is no longer required -- the installers do it for you

The installation of Postgres in step 1 should have imported the demo database for you. If you start Theatre Manager and cannot see a demo database, you may need to perform these steps.

In most circumstances, you can skip this and the remainder of the steps if you are only installing a demo. If you are not, you will need to proceed to steps 3 and 4.

Installing a demo if one was not installed

The database server needs a specific user called TheatreManager with specific privileges that will be assigned as the owner of each database. We also want to import a demo database. This step assumes that you have installed things into the /Users/Shared directory. If you did not, then you will need to edit the script and do this step manually.

1.	Go to /Users/Shared directory. You should see some files and folders with names that look like below.
2.	Start terminal and change the user to 'postgres' by typing: su - postgres Press RETURN and then type the postgres user's password (password will not display anything)
3.	Drag the script '/Users/Shared/CreateDemoDB.sql onto the terminal window. This shortcut saves typing anything. Click into the terminal window and then press RETURN to start the command. If it does not run, then possible issues are: You need to have execute permissions on the 'CreateDemoDB.sql' script. Use File Examiner to check or fix that (or use Unix chmod commands to give permission). Make sure that Postgres was configured with 'trust' permissions for the local machine. Make sure that Postgres was installed into the /Library/Postgresql8 directory.
4.	The script will run and load up the TheatreManagerDemo database. You can modify this script to load up a customer database if necessary by editing it in BBedit or in TextEdit (make sure to save it as text if you use TextEdit - its preference, unfortunately, is to save as a .rtf document). Note, any WARNING messages from the TheatreManagerDemo database creation can be ignored. These warnings are normal.

.bash_profile in terminal

This step is no longer required if you are using Postgres 9.3 or later. All current installers use Postgres 9.6 or later.

The .bash_profile settings should to be entered in the Terminal session for the postgres user to establish the commonly used paths for the database and the executable binary files. This is always set up if you are using the Theatre Manager installers for Postgres. If you install your own version of Postgres, you may need to do this IF YOU PLAN ON USING TERMINAL to interface with Postgres on a frequent basis.

Otherwise, this step is not required under most circumstances.

Start Terminal and navigate to the home directory for postgres user.

Type:

cd /Library/PostgreSQL/9.3

Next, let's update the profile for Terminal to that it makes life easier in Postgres from this point on. Type

vi ~/.bash_profile

it will open with an empty window as below.

bashProfile

Just like when using VI for the other two files, type:

to put you in insert mode

Type the two lines into the file exactly as shown. When done, type, in this order:

hit the 'esc' key

(the insert mode will dissappear)

Shift Q

(the window will show the 'Entering Ex mode' message)

and the window will clear and you will be back at Terminal. The next time you start Terminal under the Postgres user account, you will have access to the Postgres commands and data directory in a more convenient fashion.

OS X Shared Memory Settings

This step is no longer required if you are using Postgres 9.3 or later. All current installers use Postgres 9.6 or later.

Why do I need this? This is done so that you can increase the shared_buffers parameter to more than the standard 128MB. Shared buffers allows PostgreSQL to use much more memory and can improve performance quite dramatically.

If you used the Theatre Manager Postgres installer, it will detect if you have more than 2 GB of RAM in your machine and automatically insert these into the /etc/sysctl.conf file for you. After installing Postgres the first time, simply reboot the server - these settings will have been done for you and you need not continue with the steps below.

BEFORE STARTING: Ensure you are in Terminal at your own user, not postgres. This is a fairly technical topic and the reference: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/interactive/kernel-resources.html

Open Terminal again and type: su - [Your UserName]

Type

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

Type I to insert data

Add the lines:

kern.sysv.shmmax=1610612736
kern.sysv.shmmin=1
kern.sysv.shmmni=256
kern.sysv.shmseg=64
kern.sysv.shmall=393216
kern.sysv.maxproc=2048
kern.maxprocperuid=512

These settings reflect the maximum size of a shared buffer. These settings assume you are running at least 2GB of RAM. If you have less RAM, these settings may need to be altered. shmmax is the key setting; it is in bytes. If the machine has more memory to use, then this could be increased as well. shmall is the shmmax setting divided by 4.

Hit the Esc key

Hit Shift Q

Type wq

Hit Enter

Restart OS X after doing this. This is required to apply the changes.

sysctl There is a sample of this file in /users/Shared/ from the install. If your machine has 2GB of RAM or more, you could move it to the right folder instead by:

cd /users/shared sudo mv sysctl.conf /etc

Restart OS X after doing this. This is required to apply the changes.

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Postgres Setup Pages (OSX)